Hi rkeeves,
Welcome to the forum!
I'm not sure where you get the (additional) land tax amounts from - probably you looked at the balance in the office?
This value is the sum of taxes (ney, lets say costs) for shops and residential buildings.
You already note the costs for a shop as 175
= 150
for workers and 25
running costs (respective researches assumed).
The running costs of 25
are part of the land tax in the office balance, i.e. there are no additional tax costs, when you click on a shop the tax is already included in the cost value.
You calculate with a 1/1/1-shop-relation to produce
but that is not really correct for different shops produce different numbers of goods per day. In your example the daily production of the three shops is 4
, 2
(consuming 2
) and 1
(consuming 1
) => 2
and 1
are left. Thus the simpliest production chain which consumes every pre-product is 1/2/2.
Lets have a look how this results when calculating the profit of
(research-boni ignored due to easier figures):
1
costs 200/4 = 50
1
costs (200 + 2*50) / 2 = 150
1
costs 200 + 150 = 350
Profit without research: 630 - 350 = 280
Result:
is a good product to make profit... but: just as you wrote in your other theme I also play with a lack of
due to the fact that a complete supply with all goods is not possible.
Well, beside that, don't worry, getting bankrupt is nearly impossible in P4 - but who am I to announce this towards a calculation-genius. 
Stop narrating, Cete, the main point is still not answered! Taxes and how the town, ahem we, may benefit!
Take a look into the town hall of the city where you are the mayor or any founded town. The good news: the town receives some money, the bad news: the greedy Land-Lord takes more for himself. The town recieves 10
per shop and a "head-tax" that depends on the tax-rate and the number of inhabitants of course (comparing to the shop-taxes it is about 15 instead of 10 modulo tax-rate in the town).
As you can see "English" is not my native language but hopefully my lines are understandable. Please don't hesitate to ask further on!
Best Regards and again Welcome,
Cete
Edit:
Profit corrected - 280
instead of 180
.